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>> The Expedition 34 crewmembers
take their turn on board

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after 12 straight years
of crewed operations

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on the International Space
Station and they're excited

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to get to work focused

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on advancing the
station's long term goals.

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>> This space station
really represents, to me,

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the very first big
cooperative effort

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between the most affluent
nations on this planet,

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coming together to do something
all toward one goal and that is

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to do science that can't be done
on the surface of the earth,

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that is the core purpose
of the space station.

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And so our job, as the people
onboard is to make sure

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that that science gets done.

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>> [Inaudible] used to see how
the space factor affects not

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only the different experiments,
the different materials

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but to see how it affects
us, real, living humans,

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how it affects our bodies.

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>> A long term existence
under the conditions

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of zero [inaudible]
leaves its trace

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on a healthy presence,
such as a cosmonaut.

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>> The zero gravity
reduces our muscle tone,

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our muscles atrophy
including our heart

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and the cardiovascular system
atrophies and bones atrophy,

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decrease in bone
mineral density.

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>> It's as if you spent months
or years, even decades on earth,

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happening in just a
few months in orbit.

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And using changes in
exercise and changes in diet,

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we have basically found a way
to beat that type of aging,

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beat that type of osteoporosis.

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>> So all of this accelerated
aging process and the means

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by which we figure out exactly
what's going down, going on,

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even in the cellular level,
how to fix it, exercise, diet,

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medications, other things,
all of those things stand

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to benefit us on the earth.

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>> And why do we do this?

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We do this gain a
lot of experience,

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to prepare for subsequent
flights,

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more long duration
flights to other planets.

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>> And the research on the
people is only part of the plan.

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For instance, there
are also investigations

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in technology development
because things

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in space work differently
than they do on earth.

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>> You're lucky in your car
because your fuel's always

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on the bottom of the tank,
we're not that lucky in space,

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we have to design a tank so
that that fuel is always ready

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by the pump there to be
pulled down the line and sent

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to the engine or
to whatever kind

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of device that's going to drive.

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>> The potential from the
station is great starting

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with the visual observations
of the earth,

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the various natural disasters
and phenomena and as well

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as the events in space.

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>> There are different
experiments

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with growing vial crystal
because here on earth,

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it is impossible to
grow perfect crystal

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because it's not the
right, correct shape

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as it should have been.

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There are very different
experiments.

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Well, the main idea of course
is to use all the potential

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of zero gravity of space
and also the various factors

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of space flight to test
various materials and products,

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maybe test some medicines.

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>> The human crewmembers
are test subjects

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for some experiments and
lab assistants for others

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and spend the rest of their time
making sure the station operates

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safely and efficiently, that can
mean routine maintenance inside

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the station, that
could mean spacewalks

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to do repairs outside
the station,

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though none are currently
planned for this increment.

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And that can mean supporting
the missions of a small fleet

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of unscrewed cargo ships
that keep the station

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and its crews supplied.

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Visits are targeted within the
Expedition 34 and 35 timeframe

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by the Russian Progress Vehicle,

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Europe's automated
transfer vehicle

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and two American
commercial ships,

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Space Exploration Technology's
Corporation's Dragon

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and the Cygnus from Orbital
Sciences Corporation,

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the second participant

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in the Commercial Orbital
Transportation Services Program.

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Expedition 34 wraps up
when Ford, Novitskiy,

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and Tarelkin come home in
March, leaving Hadfield

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to assume command of the
station for Expedition 35

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and become the first
Canadian astronaut ever

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to command any space vehicle.

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He sees this as the next
logical step in Canada's history

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of space exploration from
the Alouette 1 Satellite,

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launched 50 years ago, to
the first Canadian astronauts

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on space shuttle and
space station crews

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to pioneering space robotics

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that built the International
Space Station.

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>> It's a big deal for me
but also it's a big deal

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for my country, for my space
agency and for where I'm from.

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And so I'm happy that people
are interested in it and --

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but I'm fundamentally happy that
this is a continuation of all

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of those capabilities and it
continues to open opportunities

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for the Canadians
that follow after me.

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>> Hadfield's crew
expands in late March

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when a Soyuz spacecraft delivers
former station commander

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[Foreign name], first time flyer
Alexander Mazurkin [assumed

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spelling] and space shuttle
veteran astronaut Chris Cassidy,

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making his second trip to the
International Space Station.

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They'll join the growing
line of space travelers

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from around the world
who have served

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on board the International
Space Station to get earth men

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and women prepared to
leave their little corner

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of the solar system
in the years to come.

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>> We're building on the
-- a lot of accomplishments

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and successes of astronauts that
have gone up there before us

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and they've been able
to build efficiencies

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and get more science done
and we want to do that